Which of the following is a symptom of depression according to the DSM-5?

• A. Increased energy and a sense of well-being
• B. Heightened enthusiasm towards life
• C. Changes in appetite and insomnia or hypersomnia
• D. Desire for social interactions and activities

Answer: (C)

Changes in appetite and insomnia or hypersomnia are indeed symptoms of depression as outlined in the DSM-5. Depression is characterized by various emotional and physical symptoms, and alterations in sleep patterns and appetite are commonly observed. Individuals may experience significant weight loss or gain due to changes in appetite, indicating a physiological response to the depressive state. Similarly, insomnia (difficulty in falling or staying asleep) or hypersomnia (excessive sleep) are frequently reported, reflecting disturbances in normal sleep cycles and contributing to the overall symptomatology of depression. These specific changes are crucial for diagnosing the disorder, as they can severely affect an individual's functioning and quality of life.